Eyelid lesions
Xanthelasma (Xanthoma)
It's a yellowish nodule underneath the the skin, usually on/under the eyelids and/or around them. Xanthelasmas are deposits of certain types of fat, mostly cholesterol and triglycerides derived from food (hyperlipidaemia).
Apart from xanthelasma, a few more clinical variants can be distinguished:
- xanthoma tuberosum - is characterized by large xanthomas, located symmetrically over the joints
- eruptive xanthoma - papules that appear all over the body, also in children
- palmar xanthoma, tendon xanthoma
Treatment:
- low-fat diet
- pharmacological - hypolipemic drugs
- surgical removal, removal with CO2 laser, alternatively - electroresection of the eyelid lesions
Syringoma
They are multiple, usually minor papules, skin-coloured, yellowish or yellow brown and slightly raised above the skin surface. Mostly, they are located near the eyelids, on the neck, chest and abdomen. The lesions are typical in young women. They have no symptoms or tendency for spontaneous improvement.
Treatment:
surgical removal, removal with CO2 laser or electroresection.
Milia - epidermal or subepidermal keratin-filled cysts, resulting from excessive keratinization of the hair follicle with retention of sebaceous corneous substances. Clinically, they are minor, 1-2 papules, white, pearly-white to yellow in colour. Milia are characteristic in newborns, spontaneously disappear together with maturation of sebaceous glands (within 2-4 weeks), but can appear on people of all ages. Location: usually found around the eyes, forehead (mainly the brow ridges), cheeks, nose and sometimes on the genitalia (in adolescence). Treatment: CO2 laser/curettage - additional extraction of the sebaceous corneous secretion.